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MYSQL

MYSQL은 데이터베이스 소프트웨어입니다. 일반적으로 데이터를 추가하거나 검색, 추출하는 기능을 모두 포함해서 데이터 베이스라고 부릅니다.

MYSQL은 세계에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 오픈 소스의 관계형 데이터베이스 관리시스템(RDBMS) 입니다. MYSQL은 PHP 스크립트 언어와 상호 연동이 잘 되면서 오픈소스로 개발된 무료 프로그램 입니다. 그래서 홈페이지나 쇼핑몰(워드프레스, 카페24, 제로보드, 그누보드)등 일반적으로 웹 개발에 널리 사용하고 있습니다.

MYSQL 설치

MAMP란 웹사이트를 개발할 때 쓰이는 기술 스택인 macOS, Apache, MYSQL, PHP의 약어이자 솔루션 스택이다.
https://www.mamp.info/en/downloads/

MYSQL 실행

윈도우 : cd MAMP/bin/mysql/bin
로그인 : mysql -uroot -p 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
맥 : cd Application/mamp/Library/bin
로그인 : mysql -uroot -p 
webstoryboyhwang@Webstoryboyui-MacBookPro bin % ./mysql -uroot -proot
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 188
Server version: 5.7.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

데이터베이스

데이터베이스 만들기

create database 데이터베이스 이름 
mysql> create database sample01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 보기

show databases; 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sample01           |
| sample02           |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 사용

use database; 
mysql> use sample01
Database changed

데이터베이스 삭제

drop database 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> drop database sample02;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

테이블

테이블 만들기

create table 테이블이름; 
create table member (
    myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(5) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
) charset=utf8;

테이블 목록보기

show tables; 
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_sample01 |
+--------------------+
| member             |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 보기

desc 테이블 이름; 
mysql> desc member;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | int(20)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(20)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 삭제

drop table 테이블 이름; 
mysql> drop table member;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

테이블 복사

CREATE TABLE 새로운 테이블명 SELECT * FROM 복사할 테이블 명 
CREATE TABLE member3 SELECT * FROM member;

테이블 데이터

테이블 입력하기

INSERT INTO 테이블이름(필드명) VALUES(데이터); 
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('thdtjdgml415@naver.com', '송성희', '1234', '19970415', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('webstoryboy@naver.com','황상연','1234','19990303', '25','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('thdtjdgml415@naver.com', '송성희', '1234', '19970415', '24', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('mo0647@naver.com', '김민정', '1234', '19970530', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('tjrwnsrkdtj@naver.com', '김석준', '1234', '19941009', '29', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('jwor124@naver.com', '정은비', '1234', '19990303', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('leesh3432@naver.com','이영환','1234','19970205', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('sshin4882@naver.com','박현신','1234','19990303', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('to_before@naver.com', '김상준', '1234', '19970809', '26', '04');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('kkb7528@naver.com','권규비','1234','19990303', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('piowm123@gmail.com', '문병내', '1234', '19990303', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('ghkddbwls96@gmail.com', '황유진', '1234', '19990303', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('eodnjs9605@naver.com','김대원','1234','19960530', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('wjsqhdus971007@gmail.com','전보연','1234','19971007', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('noeyheyh@gmail.com','권혜현','1234','19960331', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('hjkang306@gmail.com','강현지','1234','19990303', '26','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('sunhey9810@gmail.com', '박선혜', '1234', '19981010', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUE('kde66034@gmail.com', '김동언', '1234', '19700101', '26', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('praise1109@gmail.com', '이하은', '1234', '19990303', '26', '1234567');

테이블 불러오기

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 WHERE 조건

전체 데이터 불러오기

mysql> select * from member;
+------------+--------------------------+---------+---------+----------+----------+
| myMemberID | youEmail                 | youName | youPass | youBirth | regTime  |
+------------+--------------------------+---------+---------+----------+----------+
|          1 | thdtjdgml415@naver.com   | 송성희  | 1234    | 19970415 |  1234567 |
|          2 | webstoryboy@naver.com    | 황상연  | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|          3 | mo0647@naver.com         | 김민정  | 1234    | 19970530 |  1234567 |
|          4 | tjrwnsrkdtj@naver.com    | 김석준  | 1234    | 19941009 |  1234567 |
|          5 | jwor124@naver.com        | 정은 비 | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|          6 | leesh3432@naver.com      | 이영환  | 1234    | 19970205 |  1234567 |
|          7 | sshin4882@naver.com      | 박현신  | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|          8 | to_before@naver.com      | 김상준  | 1234    | 19970809 |        4 |
|          9 | kkb7528@naver.com        | 권규비  | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|         10 | eodnjs9605@naver.com     | 김대원  | 1234    | 19960530 |  1234567 |
|         11 | wjsqhdus971007@gmail.com | 전보연  | 1234    | 19971007 |  1234567 |
|         12 | noeyheyh@gmail.com       | 권혜현  | 1234    | 19960331 |  1234567 |
|         13 | hjkang306@gmail.com      | 강현지  | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|         14 | sunhey9810@gmail.com     | 박선혜  | 1234    | 19981010 |  1234567 |
|         15 | praise1109@gmail.com     | 이하은  | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|         16 | sshin4882@naver.com      | 박현신  | 1234    | 19990303 |  1234567 |
|         17 | oranssy@naver.com        | 최진주  | 3950    | 20010415 |  1234567 |
|         18 | sdskadd4882@naver.com    | 여기요  | 1234    | 22990303 | 12324567 |
|         19 | kkk5993@naver.com        | 김성현  | 1234    | 19960617 |  1234567 |
|         20 | kimlh3743@gmail.com      | 김이형  | 1234    | 20011009 |  1234567 |
|         21 | happyham52@gmail.com     | 이중호  | 1234    | 19970731 |  1234567 |
+------------+--------------------------+---------+---------+----------+----------+

myMemberID가 6번인 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID = 6;
+------------+---------------------+---------+---------+----------+---------+
| myMemberID | youEmail            | youName | youPass | youBirth | regTime |
+------------+---------------------+---------+---------+----------+---------+
|          6 | leesh3432@naver.com | 이영환  | 1234    | 19970205 | 1234567 |
+------------+---------------------+---------+---------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

myMemberID가 6번이 아닌 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID != 6;

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID <> 6; //둘다 가능

myMemberID가 5~10 인 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID >=5 AND myMemberID <=10;

myMemberID가 5~10 인 경우(범위 조건)

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

myMemberID가 5~10 아닌 경우(범위 조건)

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID NOT BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

myMemberID(해당 조건 불러오기)

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID IN(1,4,10,14);

email중에 naver 텍스트를 포함하고 있는 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE '%naver%';

email중에 web 텍스트로 시작하는 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE 'web%'

email중에 com 텍스트로 끝나는 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE '%com'

이름 중에 '김'으로 시작하는 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName Like "김%";

이름 중에 '김'씨 이거나 "황"씨인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName Like "김%" OR youName LIKE "황%";

이름 중간에 "상"인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName Like "_상_";
SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName Like "__연";

이름 중에 데이터가 없는 경우 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName IS NULL;

이름 중에 데이터가 없는 경우 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName IS NOT NULL;

멤버 중에 나이가 18살 이상이면서 김씨인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youAge >= 18 AND youName LIKE "김__";

멤버 중에 나이가 18살 이상이거나 김씨인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youAge >= 18 OR youName LIKE "김__";

멤버 중에 아이디가 2 또는 10인 멤버이면서 나이가 20이상

SELECT * FROM member WHERE (myMemberID = 2 OR myMemberID = 10) AND youAge >= 20;

회원 멤버 5개만 불러오기(1~5)

SELECT * FROM member LIMIT 5;

회원 멤버 5개만 불러오기(6~10)

SELECT * FROM member LIMIT 5 5;

회원 이메일을 기준으로 이메일만 5개만 불러오기(1~5)

SELECT youEmail FROM member LIMIT 5;

테이블 수정하기

UPDATE 테이블(필드명) SET 컬럼명 조건

모든 회원의 핸드폰 번호 변경

UPDATE member SET youPhone = "01000000000"

회원 아이디가 3번인 회원의 비밀번호를 '0123'로 변경

update member set youPass = 1234 where myMemberID = 3;

회원 아이디가 5-10번까지 비밀번호를 '1234567'로 변경

update member set youPass = "1234567" where myMemberID >= 5 AND myMemberID <= 10;

비밀번호를 '1234567'로 변경하고 내림차순으로 10개만 변경하기

UPDATE member SET youPass = ‘1234567’ ORDER BY youPass DESC LIMIT 10;

테이블 삭제하기

DELETE FROM 테이블명 조건

회원 아이디가 5번인 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member WHERE myMemberID = 5

회원 비밀번호가 '1234'인 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member WHERE myPass = '1234';

회원 이름을 기준으로 5번째까지 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member ORDER BY youName LIMIT 5;

지정한 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member WHERE myMemberID IN(7,8,9);

필드 수정

필드 추가하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 ADD 추가할 필드명 조건 AFTER 필드 위치

member 테이블 나이 위에 핸드폰번호 필드를 추가

ALTER TABLE member ADD youPhone int(20) NOT NULL AFTER youAge;
enum: ENUM 데이터 타입은 여러 값 중 허용된 값만 저장되게끔 제약한다
default: 값을 입력하지 않았을 때 들어갈 값을 선택
comment : 코멘트를 남길 수 있다.

member 테이블 핸드폰 번호 뒤에 성별 필드를 추가

필드 수정하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 MODIFY 수정할 필드명 
ALTER TABLE member MODIFY youAge int(10);

ALTER TABLE member MODIFY youGender enum('m','w') int(10);

필드 삭제하기

ARTER TABLE member DROP youGender;

테이블 합치기

테이블 JOIN

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블 명 앨리어스 JOIN 연결할 테이블명 앨리어스 ON(조건문) SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youText, r.regTime FROM myMember m JOIN myReview r ON (m.myMemberID = r.myMemberID) ORDER BY myReviewID DESC LIMIT 5; 

create table myMember (
    myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(5) NOT NULL,
    youPhone varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
) charset=utf8;
//똑같은 요소가 있어야 합칠 수 있음
create table myReview (
    myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    myReviewID int(10) unsigned,
    youText tinytext NOT NULL,
    regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('thdtjdgml415@naver.com', '송성희', '1234', '19970415', '26', "010-1000-1000", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('webstoryboy@naver.com','황상연','1234','19990303', '25', "010-1000-1000",'1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('thdtjdgml415@naver.com', '송성희', '1234', '19970415', '24', "010-1000-1000", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('mo0647@naver.com', '김민정', '1234', '19970530', '26', "010-1000-1000", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('tjrwnsrkdtj@naver.com', '김석준', '1234', '19941009', '29', "010-1000-1000", '1234567');

INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("1", "정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("2", "진짜 에반데;;. 버려 그냥!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("3", "토나오네 진짜. 너무 쓰레기에요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("4", "나만 죽을 수 없지 . 너무 좋네요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("2", "정말 이런이런. 너무 좋네요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("3", "정말 행복하세요. 복받으세요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("1", "정말 비추비추.,. 너무 짜다!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("4", "정말 너무 좋네요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("3", "정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!!", 1234567);
INSERT INTO myReview( myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("5", "정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!!", 1234567);

테이블 수정하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 MODIFY 수정할 필드명 
ALTER TABLE member MODIFY youAge int(10);

ALTER TABLE member MODIFY youGender enum('m','w') int(10);

필드 삭제하기

ARTER TABLE member DROP youGender;